TY - JOUR AU - M, Krishna Kumar AU - P, Sangaravadivel PY - 2020/12/01 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Analysis of Cutting Forces while Turning Different Material JF - Journal of Manufacturing Engineering JA - JME VL - 15 IS - 4 SE - Articles DO - 10.37255/jme.v15i4pp124-132 UR - http://smenec.org/index.php/1/article/view/10 SP - 124-132 AB - <p><span dir="ltr" style="left: 227.965px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00829);">The </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 262.848px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999802);">measurement </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 360.048px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00682);">of </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 382.64px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00481);">cutting </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 437.65px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00508);">forces </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 487.113px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0025);">in </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 508.873px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.995723);">metal </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 554.248px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00613);">cutting </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 609.492px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01174);">is </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 629.555px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.99865);">essential </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 695.507px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00039);">to </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 717.065px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00447);">estimate </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 781.35px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00549);">the </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 810.253px; top: 446.342px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.007);">power</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 465.512px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02189);">requirements, to design the cutting tool and to analyze machining process for different work and tool</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.997794);">material </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 234.61px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00494);">combination. </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 334.7px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.998397);">Although </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 409.45px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00283);">cutting </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 468.015px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00106);">forces </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 520.952px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00328);">can </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 556.23px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00826);">be </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 584.533px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999732);">measured </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 660.305px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00066);">by </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 689.042px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00909);">different </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 758.952px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.998377);">methods, </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 831.57px; top: 484.68px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00075);">the</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999827);">measurement </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 264.87px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0096);">of </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 287.013px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00613);">cutting </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 341.59px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00674);">forces </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 390.63px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00066);">by </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 415.38px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00818);">a </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 431.16px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00043);">suitable </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 491.003px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00794);">dynamometer </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 591.232px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999923);">is </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 610.617px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.996553);">widely </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 664.132px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00483);">used </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 702.887px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.990657);">in </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 723.947px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0068);">industrial </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 795.287px; top: 503.85px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00404);">practice.</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0009);">Mechanical </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 253.893px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00011);">and </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 286.017px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.998747);">strain </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 331.183px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00608);">gauge </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 379.253px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00127);">dynamometer </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 478.845px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00753);">are </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 507.632px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.992481);">most </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 548.127px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.995258);">widely </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 601.247px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00338);">used </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 640.117px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00301);">for </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 667.69px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00025);">measuring </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 745.045px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00106);">forces </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 793.995px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.992767);">in </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 815.092px; top: 523.018px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.997561);">metal</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999609);">cutting. </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 225.735px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00829);">The </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 259.455px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00551);">principle </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 326.492px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00036);">of </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 347.803px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00786);">all </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 372.387px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00204);">dynamometers </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 478.033px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01175);">is </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 496.768px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00497);">based </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 542.448px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00066);">on </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 566.7px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00131);">the </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 594.837px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999828);">measurement </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 691.042px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00682);">of </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 712.637px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0022);">deflections </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 793.343px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00682);">or </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 814.938px; top: 542.188px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00416);">strain</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00767);">produced </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 239.605px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.992108);">from </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 281.067px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00549);">the </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 310.8px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00379);">dynamometer </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 411.795px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00279);">structure </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 479.733px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.993924);">from </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 521.262px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00549);">the </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 550.995px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00514);">action </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 601.29px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00036);">of </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 624.43px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00283);">cutting </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 680.337px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00091);">force. </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 728.125px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.997583);">In </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 751.213px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00777);">this </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 784.898px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01034);">project, </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 844.878px; top: 561.357px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif;">a</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00127);">dynamometer </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 266.762px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999923);">is </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 285.15px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.99858);">used </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 323.022px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01012);">to </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 343.418px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.998936);">measure </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 405.862px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00613);">cutting </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 459.608px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00482);">force, </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 505.237px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999552);">feed </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 541.295px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00397);">force </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 582.72px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00011);">and </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 613.847px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00411);">radial </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 659.325px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0013);">force </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 700.648px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00066);">by </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 724.733px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00128);">using </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 767.908px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00401);">strain </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 812.13px; top: 580.527px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0021);">gauge</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0023);">accelerometer </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 270.557px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.998889);">while </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 316.395px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00814);">turning </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 373.92px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00718);">different </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 440.392px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00144);">material </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 503.893px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0025);">in </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 526.152px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0015);">lathe. </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 571.63px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00829);">The </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 606.68px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00379);">dynamometer </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 707.342px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0032);">is </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 727.442px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00819);">a </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 743.887px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00794);">500kg </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 794.882px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00261);">force </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 838.083px; top: 599.695px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01227);">3-</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 618.865px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01261);">component system. As the tool comes in contact with the work piece the various forces developed are</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00307);">captured </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 234.355px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00375);">and </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 267.412px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00129);">transformed </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 356.92px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01263);">into </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 392.1px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999137);">numerical </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 467.605px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.999854);">form </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 509.017px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00302);">system. </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 568.448px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.997583);">In </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 591.372px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0001);">this </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 624.342px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00939);">project </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 679.913px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00096);">three </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 722.133px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.998777);">forces </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 771.978px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00036);">of </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 794.785px; top: 638.033px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00562);">different</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.997977);">materials </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 235.593px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.99858);">such </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 272.635px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00589);">as </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 293.233px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00116);">aluminum, </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 371.628px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.996498);">mild </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 408.6px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0073);">steel, </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 449.975px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00292);">brass, </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 495.04px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00979);">copper </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 547.198px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00447);">have </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 585.2px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00267);">been </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 623.303px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00422);">noted </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 666.852px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00328);">down. </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 714.692px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0083);">The </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 747.25px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00106);">forces </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 794.538px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00066);">on </span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 817.793px; top: 657.203px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.997552);">these</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 676.373px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0243);">materials with variation in speed and depth of cut are studied. Graphs are drawn on how these forces</span><span dir="ltr" style="left: 168px; top: 695.542px; font-size: 16.611px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00372);">vary due to variation in speed.</span></p> ER -