Analysis of Cutting Forces while Turning Different Material

Abstract

The measurement of cutting forces in metal cutting is essential to estimate the powerrequirements, to design the cutting tool and to analyze machining process for different work and toolmaterial combination. Although cutting forces can be measured by different methods, themeasurement of cutting forces by a suitable dynamometer is widely used in industrial practice.Mechanical and strain gauge dynamometer are most widely used for measuring forces in metalcutting. The principle of all dynamometers is based on the measurement of deflections or strainproduced from the dynamometer structure from the action of cutting force. In this project, adynamometer is used to measure cutting force, feed force and radial force by using strain gaugeaccelerometer while turning different material in lathe. The dynamometer is a 500kg force 3-component system. As the tool comes in contact with the work piece the various forces developed arecaptured and transformed into numerical form system. In this project three forces of differentmaterials such as aluminum, mild steel, brass, copper have been noted down. The forces on thesematerials with variation in speed and depth of cut are studied. Graphs are drawn on how these forcesvary due to variation in speed.